صفحه محصول - فصل 1 تحقیق

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Chapter 1Introduction to research
What is research?
The American Heritage College Dictionary defined research as scholarly or scientific investigation or as verb to study something thoroughly.
The basic and simplest form, research is away of finding out answers to questions.
Different types of research
Quantitative Research
1. starts with an experimental design.
A hypotheses is followed by the quantification of data and numerical analysis is carried out .
Qualitative Research 
Generally are not set up as experiments.
Data cannot be easily quantified and analysis is interpretive rather than statistical
quantitative research vs. qualitative research
quantitative research
qualitative research
1.Involving controlled measurement
2. Objective and removed from the data.
3.Verification oriented, confirmatory
4.Outcome oriented
5. Reliable involving hard and replicable data
6.Generalizable
7. Assuming a stable reality
1.Naturalistic and controlled observation
2.Subjective
3.Discovery oriented
4.Process oriented
5.Soft data
6.Ungeneralizable , single case studies
7.Assuming a dynamic reality
8.Close to data